Bioremediation strategy in the recovery of an ecosystem contaminated with oil
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Abstract
Mangroves are ecosystems with multiple ecological functions, which are subject to various negative impacts, such as those generated by oil and its derivatives. This damaging effect occurs in several of its subsystems: trees, associated fauna, soil and water. The objective of this work is to evaluate sediment contaminated with oil, belonging to an area of affected mangrove in the northern keys of central Cuba and its recovery from a bioremediation strategy. The physicochemical and microbiological characterization of composite samples of the sediment corresponding to the contaminated area was carried out. In the application of the process, semi-solid residual sludge from domestic waste treatment plants (PTR), operated for tourist facilities in the area, and was inoculated. Analytical monitoring of measuring parameters of hydrocarbon contamination was carried out, based on tests established by methodologies and regulations in force for these cases, also evaluating the toxicity of the sediment after a certain time of the process had elapsed. Taking into account the results of the initial chemical-microbiological characterization, the feasibility of applying the microbial biostimulation method was demonstrated. The applied treatment allowed the reduction of contamination of the sediment impacted by hydrocarbons. The toxicological evaluation provided information that predicts the recovery of the necessary functions of the affected area of the mangrove, given by the structural restoration of the vegetation
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