Evolution and problems of illegal gold mining in Cuba
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Abstract
Gold is a non-renewable natural resource of high economic value that is currently exploited in three provinces by the UEBs of the GEOMINSAL Group, being a source of foreign exchange for the country. The illegal mining activity that takes place in parallel does not generate benefits for the country, is dangerous for human health, damages the environment and its trade generates other illegalities, evading the technical-legal regulations and requirements for this economic activity. The different informative channels on this situation have a general, non-specialized journalistic approach, lacking a useful scientific-technical vision, which allows the information to be related to possible new sources of primary gold. To overcome this aspect, the authors' own data are used, from interviews with specialists, books and publications. With the rise in gold and silver prices, the phenomenon has increased, spreading to several provinces of the country, complicating operations from simple gold panning in placers and technological accumulations to surface and underground mining. Knowing that alluvial gold is a direct indicator of primary deposits, it is recommended to promote projects for the inventory and mitigation of the economic, environmental and health impacts of illegal mining; promote its integration, control, training, organization by provinces, cartography, location in maps and documentation databases, sampling, and the use of the information derived from it that does not fall in known sectors with approved resources and in the BNRM, channeling the entry of new resources into the coffers of the State.
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